PaN_Da99

Position: Private

Joined: 2023-08-19

Stats
GM X
GM VIII
GM VI
Company statistics
Team statistics
Skirmishes statistics
Stronghold statistics
Share
Other

Overall Stats

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	4547		1		1		234
Ø Tier	7,14		10,00		10,00		8,72
Victories	1945	42,78%	1	100,00%	1	100,00%	92	39,32%
Defeats	2524	55,51%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	139	59,40%
Draws	78	1,72%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	3	1,28%
Battles survived	747	16,43%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	25	10,68%
Tanks destroyed	1727	0,38	0	0,00	0	0,00	90	0,38
Destruction ratio	0,45		0,00		0,00		0,43
Tanks spotted	2696	0,59	0	0,00	0	0,00	170	0,73
Damage dealt	598,78		1.043,00		1.043,00		921,51
Capture points	4357	0,96	0	0,00	0	0,00	78	0,33
Defense points	724	0,16	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	424,21		716,00		716,00		589,45
WN7	476,67		520,36		520,36		459,50
WN8	512,28		595,80		832,85		570,47

Total
Battles	4547
Ø Tier	7,14
Victories	1945	42,78%
Defeats	2524	55,51%
Draws	78	1,72%
Battles survived	747	16,43%
Tanks destroyed	1727	0,38
Destruction ratio	0,45
Tanks spotted	2696	0,59
Damage dealt	598,78
Capture points	4357	0,96
Defense points	724	0,16
Experience	424,21
WN7	476,67
WN8	512,28

Past 24 hours
Battles	1
Ø Tier	10,00
Victories	1	100,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	1.043,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	716,00
WN7	520,36
WN8	595,80

Past 7 days
Battles	1
Ø Tier	10,00
Victories	1	100,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	1.043,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	716,00
WN7	520,36
WN8	832,85

Past 30 days
Battles	234
Ø Tier	8,72
Victories	92	39,32%
Defeats	139	59,40%
Draws	3	1,28%
Battles survived	25	10,68%
Tanks destroyed	90	0,38
Destruction ratio	0,43
Tanks spotted	170	0,73
Damage dealt	921,51
Capture points	78	0,33
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	589,45
WN7	459,50
WN8	570,47

Created at:

Last battle:

Last update:

Globalmap Absolute X

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Champion VIII

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Globalmap Middle VI

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Company statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Team statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Skirmishes statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Stronghold defense statistics

	Total		Past 24 hours		Past 7 days		Past 30 days
Battles	0		0		0		0
Victories	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00
Capture points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00	0	0,00
Experience	0,00		0,00		0,00		0,00

Total
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 24 hours
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 7 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

Past 30 days
Battles	0
Victories	0	0,00%
Defeats	0	0,00%
Draws	0	0,00%
Battles survived	0	0,00%
Tanks destroyed	0	0,00
Destruction ratio	0,00
Tanks spotted	0	0,00
Damage dealt	0,00
Capture points	0	0,00
Defense points	0	0,00
Experience	0,00

World of Tanks Profile

Anzeigen

Tanks (85)

Tank Name	Tier	Ø Damage	Ø XP	Battles	Victories	WN8
IS-3	8	517,50	383	331	40,79%	303,56
IS-7	10	1348,17	608	264	42,80%	816,26
IS	7	436,18	411	223	43,95%	340,99
T-10	9	836,09	602	213	40,38%	532,72
Object 257	9	828,17	572	163	50,31%	610,93
Strv 74	6	265,87	237	140	35,71%	190,84
50TP Tyszkiewicza	9	1074,89	698	137	45,99%	727,77
ISU-152	8	735,11	422	128	44,53%	532,42
Maus	10	1280,26	681	126	41,27%	697,66
KV-1	5	318,05	259	125	43,20%	422,72
Konštrukta T-34/100	7	440,11	383	118	44,92%	447,26
Emil I	8	863,03	686	116	53,45%	834,08
53TP Markowskiego	8	720,61	553	109	37,61%	533,84
Škoda T 25	6	293,52	264	104	40,38%	276,92
40TP Habicha	6	487,32	416	92	40,22%	705,80
Char de transition	6	674,49	395	91	46,15%	925,69
Valentine AT	4	160,51	151	89	40,45%	197,77
BZ-75	10	1090,49	500	85	30,59%	447,20
Leo	7	442,39	440	83	48,19%	472,92
Churchill VII	6	533,48	404	83	33,73%	706,84
SU-152	7	549,84	483	77	51,95%	613,09
FV224 Chopper	7	884,43	542	75	42,67%	876,24
Object 268 Version V	10	784,79	477	71	39,44%	282,74
45TP Habicha	7	737,82	538	71	43,66%	836,01
Škoda T 24	5	179,24	225	70	47,14%	270,96
Black Prince	7	370,48	383	66	39,39%	199,36
Churchill I	5	243,39	288	61	37,70%	228,05
T-34	5	123,56	186	59	38,98%	43,18
Windhund	8	658,34	506	56	46,43%	491,74
Matilda	4	153,30	174	54	44,44%	183,58
SU-76M	4	305,60	199	53	54,72%	764,14
Caernarvon	8	277,63	423	52	46,15%	95,81
Object 252U	8	870,53	655	51	52,94%	778,76
TVP VTU Koncept	8	522,44	450	50	42,00%	408,89
T-28	4	149,57	154	49	40,82%	197,37
Patton the Tank	9	501,77	342	48	31,25%	185,46
25TP KSUST II	5	297,21	296	47	48,94%	535,28
GSOR the TANK	9	519,35	484	46	43,48%	249,37
KV-1S	6	358,68	279	44	43,18%	385,55
Fantôme	9	793,93	439	41	26,83%	466,53
SU-100	6	626,34	438	41	41,46%	851,42
14TP	4	199,54	288	37	59,46%	663,41
M10 Wolverine	5	334,12	249	34	35,29%	455,70
BZ-68	9	926,38	403	34	35,29%	494,05
SU-85	5	344,42	283	31	48,39%	613,99
BT-7	4	135,50	207	30	30,00%	215,42
KV-2	6	462,81	320	27	37,04%	493,05
Valentine	3	291,08	239	24	50,00%	984,46
KV-1SA	5	293,75	301	24	45,83%	370,18
AMX 13 (FL 11)	5	195,82	254	22	54,55%	505,01
SU-122A	5	183,36	227	22	50,00%	245,21
ST vz. 39	4	131,57	185	21	42,86%	179,41
T-150	6	636,10	533	20	40,00%	863,91
Chi-Go	7	649,42	561	19	47,37%	580,77
M8A1	4	422,87	318	15	46,67%	1074,16
10TP	3	120,60	150	15	40,00%	215,44
AMX ELC 901	6	329,64	415	14	42,86%	651,69
Bishop	5	158,79	162	14	35,71%	57,68
IS-M	8	721,00	371	14	14,29%	480,46
AT 2	5	150,54	178	13	30,77%	72,43
M5A1 Stuart	4	298,23	311	13	38,46%	860,94
Cruiser Mk. II	2	295,00	231	10	70,00%	1570,49
LT vz. 38	3	179,10	195	10	30,00%	452,37
Strv m/40L	3	139,78	145	9	22,22%	214,37
TS-54	8	537,29	471	7	28,57%	254,90
M24E2 Super Chaffee	6	125,14	170	7	28,57%	36,98
M3 Stuart	3	245,17	268	6	50,00%	803,42
Pz.Kpfw. III Ausf. E	3	294,67	261	6	50,00%	846,78
M16/43 Sahariano	3	311,50	521	6	83,33%	909,15
T-50-2	6	254,60	320	5	40,00%	397,61
M15/42	3	95,00	123	5	20,00%	14,07
BT-5	3	283,25	256	4	50,00%	504,78
Strv m/38	2	44,50	228	4	100,00%	261,00
LT vz. 35	2	151,25	203	4	25,00%	463,01
Tiger (P)	7	990,33	850	3	66,67%	1406,72
7TP	2	207,33	189	3	100,00%	822,28
SDP 40 Zadymka	5	70,00	201	3	33,33%	0,00
Strv fm/21	1	175,00	231	2	50,00%	913,82
Renault Otsu	1	30,00	225	1	100,00%	261,00
VK 100.01 (P)	8	0,00	306	1	0,00%	0,00
4TP	1	256,00	255	1	0,00%	1007,63
Tetrarch	2	442,00	630	1	100,00%	2650,83
T-34-85M	6	0,00	333	1	100,00%	261,00
Pz.Kpfw. II	2	777,00	990	1	100,00%	5441,36
Straussler V–4/40	3	0,00	59	1	0,00%	0,00

Graphs

WN8

Anzeigen

Clan history

[AR-IA] AR-IA

Position: Private

Joined: 2023-08-19

[AR-IA] AR-IA

Position: Private

Joined: 2023-08-19

Left: 2024-12-24

PaN_Da99

Overall Stats

Globalmap Absolute X

Globalmap Champion VIII

Globalmap Middle VI

Company statistics

Team statistics

Skirmishes statistics

Stronghold defense statistics

Share

Tanks (85)

Graphs

WN8

Clan history